SECOND PART: CHOREUTICAL SHEETS SHEET 1 STEPS AND CHOREOGRAPHIES OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY The dance steps of the 15th century HALF TURN Quick half turn, to the left or right, after which the dancer faces the opposite direction. MOVEMENT Slight shake of the shoulders raising the head in defiance. DOPPIO or DOUBLE STEP The left foot moves forward, the right reaches the left, which, proceeding forward, joins the right. In the Italian double step the dancers rise onto the toes during the steps and lower onto the ball of the foot at the end of the tempo (camping and swaying). SEMPIO or SIMPLE STEP Single step forward. PIVA Very fast double step that begins with a step forward with the left foot; then you quickly step forward on the right foot, bringing it slightly behind the left and proceed again with the left. The three actions occur in two beats. The second is performed quickly on the second beat and the third step forward occurs immediately afterwards (“one and two, one and two” tempo). REVERENCE The reverence in bassa danza takes place in six beats: the left foot moves forward; the head is straight; the knee of the right leg is bent, while the left remains tense and the right arm accompanies the bending of the torso forward, bringing the hand to the height of the heart and then lowering it towards the left side. You begin to stand up by straightening your knees until you return to the position. RECOVERY The left foot opens backwards and comes forward again next to the right foot. SALTARELLO The skip is performed in three steps which can be summarized as step-cadence-step: step forward with the left foot, rapid "cadence" on the right foot (moving the weight of the body backwards), then step forward on the left foot leaving right foot raised. This, however, is only one of many interpretations of this passage, about which the manuscripts of the period are not sufficiently clear in their description of the passages. QUATERNARIA or SALTARELLO ALLA TEDESCA It is performed in 4 stages starting with the left foot: one step forward with the left foot; a step forward with the right foot, bringing it slightly in front or slightly behind the left; one step with the left foot; a leap forward onto the left, leaving the right raised to initiate the next step. There is a certain similarity with the piva step, even if it is performed with less speed. VOLTA DEL GIOIOSO The name of this step probably derives from Domenico da Piacenza's dance Rostiboli Gioioso, in which this type of round vault appears. It is a complete turn, in two movements with two simple steps, the first on the right foot and the second on the left and a restart to the right that brings the dancer back to the starting position. VOLTA TONDA Complete turn, to the left, to return to the same position in which the movement began. AMOROSO Guglielmo Ebreo De pratica sue arte tripudii , 1483 Dance for couples FIGURE 1 1-12 Holding hands, the couples advance in a column with 12 steps each. FIGURE 2 1-4 The man of the first couple, followed by all the others, advances away from his partner. With 2 steps, a double, a single step and 3 steps right, left and right. 5-8 The ladies, advancing in column, each reach their partner with 2 steps, a double, a single step and 3 steps left, right and left. 9-12 The men advance again with 3 steps first left, right, left and right step. 13-16 The ladies chase the men again with 3 steps first left, right, left and step right. FIGURE 3 1-4 The lady makes a curtsy, remaining still and looking at her partner. 5-9 With a left step, a right step, a left foot, two steps right-left, the knights advance away from the ladies, stop and each knight, turning to the left, makes a curtsy, placing his knee on the ground. 3 steps forward starting with the left and curtsy. 10-18 The ladies perform the same sequence and when returning to the starting position they find themselves to the left of their partner and switch places. The dance is repeated a second time led by the ladies, and possibly a third time, as in Figure 1 with the knights moving away: this time the couples are no longer in a column, but move in a scattered way, maintaining only the game between the partners pantomime. The entire dance then repeats, with the woman doing everything first. PETIT RIENS Guglielmo Ebreo De pratica sue arte tripudii , 1483 DANCE FOR THREE, TWO MEN AND A LADY OR TWO LADIES AND A MAN According to some, the author was freely inspired by a Franco/Burgundian "basse danse", which was danced to the vocal accompaniment of a song Ces petit riens (These little nothings). FIGURE 1 1-16 Holding each other's right hand, the dancers of each triplet advance with 16 pives FIGURE 2 1-4 The first dancer advances with 4 pives. 5-8 The second reaches him with 4 pives. 5-8 The second reaches him with 4 pives. 9-12 The third moves to the line of the others with 4 pives. FIGURE 3 1-4 The first dancer takes 4 steps forward and on the last one a half turn, positioning himself on the vertex of a triangle and inviting the second to position himself to the left, again with 4 steps. 5-6 The third does the same, positioning himself on the right and completing the triangle. FIGURE 4 1-4 The first and second dancers greet each other with a reverence and the second and third do the same. 5-6 All three repeat the reverence. FIGURE 5 1-4 All three take 4 steps backwards starting with the left and four steps forward always with the left 5-8 Take right and turn left. The dance starts again led by the second dancer and repeats once again with the third leading. ROSTIBOLI GIOIOSO Dance for couples with low dance, salterello and piva. FIGURE 1 Bassa danza 1-2 The couples, holding hands, perform 2 shots, left and right 3-5 With two examples and two doubles the man places himself in front of the lady 6-7 Left and right shot. 8-10 The man returns to his place. FIGURE 2 Bassa danza The previous figure is repeated, but the lady begins. FIGURE 3 Bassa danza 1-6 The couples advance together with 2 singles and 3 doubles.. 7-8 Time of the joyful. 9-10 Left and right shot. FIGURE 4 Bassa danza 1-2 With 2 singles and 3 doubles the couple draws a figure-eight path, changing places and returning to the initial position. 3-4 The man moves away from the lady. Piva. The dance repeats in the opposite direction and the lady leads. FIGURE 5 Saltarello 1-6 The couples perform 16 hops, freely occupying the space with any variations FIGURE 6 Piva 1-2 Man movement and lady movement 3-4 With a piva step the man moves away 5-6 Movement of the man 7-8 The lady reaches the man who moves away again with a pive ending with a half vault 9-10 Movement of the lady who reaches her partner with a pive. Reverence together. The dance repeats in the opposite direction and the lady leads.